International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium report, data summary of 50 countries for 2010-2015: Device-associated module

Víctor Daniel Rosenthal, Hail M. Al-Abdely, Amani Ali El-Kholy, Safa A Aziz AlKhawaja, Hakan Leblebicioglu, Yatin Mehta, Vineya Rai, Nguyen Viet Hung, Souha Sami Kanj, Mona Foda Salama, Estuardo Salgado-Yepez, Naheed Elahi, Rayo Morfin Otero, Anucha Apisarnthanarak, Braulio Matias De Carvalho, Bat Erdene Ider, Dale Fisher, Maria Carmen S.G. Buenaflor, Michael M. Petrov, Ana Marcela Quesada-Mora, Farid Zand, Vaidotas Gurskis, Tanja Anguseva, Aamer Ikram, Daisy Aguilar de Moros, Wieslawa Duszynska, Nepomuceno Mejia, Florin George Horhat, Vladislav Belskiy, Vesna Mioljevic, Gabriela Di Silvestre, Katarina Furova, Gloria Y. Ramos-Ortiz, May Osman Gamar Elanbya, Hindra Irawan Satari, Umesh Gupta, Tarek Dendane, Lul Raka, Humberto Guanche-Garcell, Bijie Hu, Denis Padgett, Kushlani Jayatilleke, Najla Ben Jaballah, Eleni Apostolopoulou, Walter Enrique Prudencio Leon, Alejandra Sepulveda-Chavez, Hector Miguel Telechea, Andrew Trotter, Carlos Alvarez-Moreno, Luis Kushner-Davalos, J.E. Desse, D.M. Maurizi, A.M. Montanini, G.J. Chaparro, J.P. Stagnaro, A. Romani, A.C. Bianchi, G. Álvarez, A. Palaoro, M. Bernan, R. Cabrera-Montesino, C. Domínguez, C.G. Rodríguez, C.G. Silva, E. Bogdanowicz, F.O. Riera, G. Benchetrit, I. Perez, J. Vimercati, L.S. Marcos, L. Ramasco, M. Caridi, M.C. Oyola, M.C. Rodríguez, M.L. Spadaro, M.S. Olivieri, P. Saul, P.D. Juarez, R.H. Pérez, P. Botta, D.Q. Quintana, A.M. Ríos, J.P. Stagnaro, V. Chediack, W. Chilon, Ameena Isa Alsayegh, Fatema Hasan Yaseen, Lateefa Fardan Hani, Saleh Fakher Sowar, Tahira Anwar Magray, E.A. Medeiros, A. Alves De Oliveira, A. Romario-Mendes, C. Fernandes-Valente, C. Santos, D. Escudeiro, D. Azevedo-Ferreira Lima, D. Azevedo-Pereira, E.M. Onzi-Siliprandi, F. Serpa-Maia, F. Aguiar-Leitao, G. Assuncao-Ponte, J. Dos Anjos-Lima, J. Olszewski, K. Harten Pinto Coelho, L.F. Alves De Lima, M. Mendonca, M.L. Maciel-Canuto Amaral, M.T. Tenorio, S. Gerah, M. Andrade-Oliveira-Reis, M. Moreira, M. Ximenes-Rocha Batista, R.S. Campos-Uchoa, R. Rocha-Vasconcelos Carneiro, R. Amaral De Moraes, S.C. Do Nascimento, T. Moreira-Matos, T.M. Lima-De Barros Araujo, T. De Jesus Pinheiro-Bandeira, V.L. Machado-Silva, W.M. Santos Monteiro, E. Hristozova, E.D. Kostadinov, K. Angelova, V.A. Velinova, V.J. Dicheva, X. Guo, G. Ye, R. Li, L. Song, K. Liu, T. Liu, G. Song, C. Wang, X. Yang, H. Yu, Y. Yang, A. Martínez, A.R. Vargas-García, A. Lagares-Guzmán, A.P. González, C. Linares, C. Ávila-Acosta, D. Santofimio, D. Yepes-Gomez, D.A. Marin-Tobar, D.P. Mazo-Elorza, E.G. Chapeta-Parada, G. Camacho-Moreno, G.E. Roncancio-Vill, I.A. Valderrama-Marquez, J.E. Ruiz-Gallardo, J.O. Ospina-Martínez, J. Osorio, J.I. Marín-Uribe, J.C. López, S. Gualtero, J.R. Rojas, K. Gomez-Nieto, L.Y.M. Rincon, L. Meneses-Ovallos, L.M. Canas-Giraldo, L.D. Burgos-Florez, M. Amaral-Almeida Costa, M. Rodriguez, N. Barahona-Guzmán, O. Mancera-Paez, P.A. Rios-Arana, R. Ortega, S.L. Romero-Torres, S.M. Pulido-Leon, S. Valderrama, V.M. Moreno-Mejia, W. Raigoza-Martinez, W. Villamil-Gomez, Y.A. Pardo-Lopez, A. Argüello-Ruiz, A. Solano-Chinchilla, G.A. Muñoz-Gutierrez, I. Calvo-Hernández, L. Maroto-Vargas, M.A. Zuniga, M. Valverde-Hernandez, O. Chavarria-Ugalde, B. Herrera, C. Díaz, M.M. Bovera, C. Cevallos, C. Pelaez, E. Jara, V. Delgado, E.E. Coello-Gordon, F. Picoita, F.M. Guerrero-Toapant, F. Valencia, G. Santacruz, H. Gonzalez, L.N. Pazmino, M.F. Garcia, M. Arboleda, M. Lascano, N. Alquinga, V. Ramírez, Reham H.A. Yousef, Abd El Moniem Moustafa, A. Ahmed, A.M. Elansary, Ahmad Mahmoud Ali, Ahmed Hasanin, Antoine Abdel Messih, Arwa Ramadan, B.A. El Awady, D.M. Hassan, Doaa Abd El Aziz, Hala Hamza, Hala Mounir Agha, Islam Abdullorziz Ghazi, J. ElKholy, May Abdel Fattah, Mervat Elanany, M. Mansour, M.M.A. Haleim, R. Fouda, Rasha Hamed El-Sherif, S. Bekeit, V. Bayani, Y.S. Elkholy, Y.M. Abdelhamid, Zeinab Salah, D.M. Rivera, A. Chawla, A.N. Manked, A. Azim, A. Mubarak, A. Thakur, A.V. Dharan, A. Patil, A. Sasidharan, Anil Kumar Bilolikar, A. Anirban Karmakar, A.M. Mathew, Anuja Kulkarni, Anuradha Agarwal, Anuradha Sriram, A. Dwivedy, Arnab Dasgupta, A. Bhakta, Arul Rose Suganya, A. Poojary, Ashwin Kumar Mani, Asmita Sakle, Babu K. Abraham, Baby Padmini, B. Ramachandran, Banambar Ray, Basanta Kumar Pati, Bhaskar Narayan Chaudhury, Biraj Mohan Mishra, S. Biswas, M. Bri Saibala, Burhan Q. Jawadwala, C. Rodrigues, Chirag Modi, Chirag Patel, D.K. Khanna, Dedeepiya Devaprasad, Deepa Divekar, Deepesh G. Aggarwal, J.V. Divatia, Dolatsinh Zala, Edwin Pathrose, Fazil Abubakar, Felcy Chacko, G.S. Gehlot, Gautam Khanna, H.K. Sale, Indranil Roy, Jayant Shelgaonkar, Jehangir Sorabjee, Jincy Eappen, Justin Mathew, Jyotishka Pal, Karthikeya Varma, Kashmira Limaye Joshi, Kavita Sandhu, R. Kelkar, Lakshmi Ranganathan, L. Pushparaj, Madhav Lavate, Madhavi Latha, Madhupriya Suryawanshi, M. Bhattacharyya, Maithili Kavathekar, Manoj Kumar Agarwal, Mayur Patel, Mehul Shah, M.N. Sivakumar, Mohit Kharbanda, Mrinmoy Bej, Mrunalini Potdar, M. Chakravarthy, M. Karpagam, S.N. Myatra, N. Gita, N.P. Rao, N. Sen, N. Ramakrishnan, N. Jaggi, N. Saini, N.K. Pawar, Nikhil Modi, Nirav Pandya, Nisith Mohanty, Pooja Thakkar, Pradnya Joshi, Prafulla Kumar Sahoo, Pravin Kumar Nair, Priyadarshini Senthil Kumar, Priyanka Patil, Purnima Mukherjee, P. Mathur, Purvi Shah, R. Sukanya, Rajalakshmi Arjun, Rajesh Chawla, Ram Gopalakrishnan, Ramesh Venkataraman, S. Raut, Ravikumar Krupanandan, Reshma Tejam, Richa Misra, Ritesh Debroy, S. Saranya, Sajith Narayanan, Sanghamitra Mishra, Sanjith Saseedharan, Sankar Sengupta, S.K. Patnaik, Saswati Sinha, Seelas Blessymole, Seema Rohra, Senthilkumar Rajagopal, Shanta Mukherjee, Sharmila Sengupta, Sheeba John, Shefali Bhattacharya, Sijo, Sinchan Bhattacharyya, S. Singh, T. Sohanlal, Sonali Vadi, S.S. Dalal, S.K. Todi, Subodh Kumar, Sudha Kansal, Sudhjan Misra, Sudipta Bhattacharyya, Suhas Nirkhiwale, Sujit Kar Purkayastha, Sujoy Mukherjee, S. Singh, S. Sahu, Sunil Sharma, Suresh Kumar, S. Basu, S. Shetty, S. Shah, T. Singhal, Thara Francis, Thejasvini Anand, V. Venkateshwar, Valsa Thomas, V. Kothari, Velupandi, Vini Kantroo, Gortap Sitohang, Retno Kadarsih, Anahita Sanaei, Behzad Maghsudi, Golnar Sabetian, Mansoor Masjedi, Masoud Alebouyeh, Somayeh Jahani Sherafat, Yassir Khidir Mohamed, Abdulrahim Al Khamis, Adnan Soliman Alsaadi, Ahmed Abdoh Al-Jarie, Aisha Hassan Mutwalli, A.S.K. Rillorta, Anumol Thomas, Ashraf Kelany, Athena Manao, Dhaffer Moghram Alamri, E.B. Santiago, E.P. Cruzpero, Fahad Ahmed Sawan, Fatima Abdullah Al Qasmah, Haeel Alabdaly, Hajer Am Al-Dossary, Hala Ahmed, Hala Roshdi, Halima Yahia Al-Alkami, Hana Hanafi, Hassan Eisa Ammari, Hatem Mohd Al Hani, Ibrahim A.M. Alzaydani Asiri, Jeffrey Asidera Mendoza, Jomol Philipose, Joy Ola Selga, Kehkashan, Khalid Mohammed Ghalilah, Leide Shyrine Redito, L. Josph, M. Al-Alawi, Manal Mansour Al-Gethamy, Marjory Madco, M.G. Manuel, M. Girvan, Mervat Aldalaton, M. De Guzman, Modhi Alkhamaly, Mohammad Masfar, Mohammed Ahmed Ali Karrar, Munayfa Musallam Al Azmi, Myrna Lim Quisai, Myrna Misador Torres, N. Al-Abdullah, Nader Ahmed Tawfic, Nashwa Elsayed, Nawal Salah Abdulkhalik, Nehad Abdulshakour Bugis, Neilia Cardinal Ariola, N. Gad, Nesreen Alghosn, Nidal Tashkandi, N. Al Zharani, P.A. De Vera, Radhika Krishnan, Raed Hassan Al Shehri, Rasha Nour Aldeen Jaha, Reny Thomas, Rhea Lynn Cresencia, R. Penuliar, R.V. Lozada, S. Al Qahtani, Sameh Twfik, Sarah Hassan Al Faraj, Sherin El-Sherbiny, Siti Jhulmina B. Alih, Solita Briones, Syed Zahid Bukhari, Tariq Saad Abdulhadi Alotaibi, Uma Gopal, Usha Nair, Wael Abdulrahman Abdulatif, Waleed Mohd Hussain, Wynndale Mae Demotica, G. Spahija, N. Baftiu, A. Gashi, Abeer A. Omar, A.M. Mohamed, F.M. Rebello, Haifaa Hassan Almousa, Naglaa Mahmoud Abdo, S.M. George, Soad Khamis, Suja Thomas, A. Ahmad Zaatari, A. Anwar Al Souheil, H. Ayash, I. Zeid, J. Tannous, N.K. Zahreddine, R. Ahmadieh, T. Mahfouz, T. Kardas, V. Tanzi, Z. Kanafani, Z. Hammoud, A. Dagys, D. Grinkeviciute, R. Kevalas, T. Kondratas, Milena Petrovska, Katja Popovska, Zan Mitrev, Zaneta Bogoevska Miteva, Katerina Jankovska, Snezana Tufekcievska Guroska, Chin Seng Gan, Ainul Auzani Othman, Aliza Mohamad Yusof, Anis Siham Zainal Abidin, Fadzlina Abdul Aziz, Foong Kit Weng, Hasimah Zainol, Kamal Bashar Abu Bakar, Lucy Chai See Lum, Marzida Mansor, Mazuin Kamarul Zaman, Mohamad Fadhil Hadi Jamaluddin, Mohd Shahnaz Hasan, Raha Abdul Rahman, Rhendra Hardy Mohamad Zaini, Rosliza Zhazali, Sasheela Sri La Sri Ponnampala, Soo Lin Chuah, Wan Fadzlina Wan Mohd Shukeri, Wan Nazaruddin Wan Hassan, Wan Nurbayah Wan Yusoff, Wan Rahiza Wan Mat, M.A. Cureno-Diaz, G. Aguirre-Avalos, A. Flores-Alvarado, A. Cerero-Gudino, A. Zamores-Pedroza, B. Cano-Munoz, B.E. Hernandez-Chena, C.C. Carreon-Martinez, H. Coronado-Magana, F. Corona-Jimenez, E. Rodriguez-Noriega, E. Alcala-Martinez, E. Gonzalez-Diaz, F.M. Guerra-Infante, G. Arteaga-Troncoso, G. Martinez-Falcon, G. Leon-Garnica, H.A. Delgado-Aguirre, H.R. Perez-Gomez, I.E. Sosa-Gonzalez, J.A. Galindo-Olmeda, J.J. Ayala-Gaytan, J. Rodriguez-Pacheco, L. Zamorano-Flores, J.A. Lopez-Pulgarin, M.G. Miranda-Novales, M. Ramírez, M. Lopez-Hurtado, M. Lozano, M.E. Gomez, M.E. Sanchez-Castuera, M. Kasten-Monges, M. Gonzalez-Martinez, M. Sanchez-Vargas, M.C. Culebro-Burguet, M.A. Altuzar-Figueroa, J.C. Mijangos-Mendez, O.G. Ramires, O.S. Espinosa, R. De Leon-Escobedo, R. Salas-Flores, R. Ruiz-Rendon, S. Petersen-Morfin, S.A. Aguirre-Diaz, S. Esparza-Ahumada, S. Vega-Gonzalez, V. Gaona-Flores, V.A. Monroy-Colin, Z. Cruz-Rivera, A. Bat-Erdene, Batsaikhan Narankhuu, Batsuren Choijamts, Battsetseg Tuvdennyam, Byambadorj Batkhuu, K.H. Chuluunchimeg, D. Enkhtsetseg, G. Batjargal, G. Bayasgalan, M. Dorj, Naranpurev Mendsaikhan, Otgon Baatar, P. Suvderdene, S. Baigalmaa, T. Khajidmaa, Tsolmon Begzjav, Tsuyanga, Z. Ariyasuren, A.A. Zeggwagh, K. Berechid, K. Abidi, N. Madani, R. Abouqal, Anjeela Koirala, Rashmi Giri, Samana Sainju, Subhash Prasad Acharya, Abeera Ahmed, Aun Raza, Azra Parveen, Faisal Sultan, Maria Khan, Nadeem Paul, Nargis Daud, Sana Yusuf, Summiya Nizamuddin, E. Garcia-Mayorca, E.G. Castaño, J.L. Moreno-Castillo, J.M. Ballinas-Aquino, L. Lara, M. Vargas, M.I. Rojas-Bonilla, S.J. Ramos, T. Mapp, V. De Iturrado, C.E. La Hoz Vergara, C.F. Linares-Calderon, D. Moreno, E. Ramirez, F.M. Ramírez Wong, G.M. Montenegro-Orrego, H.R. Sandoval-Castillo, J. Pichilingue-Chagray, J. Mueras-Quevedo, K.F. Aibar-Yaranga, L.I. Castillo-Bravo, L.M. Santivanez-Monge, M.J. Mayorga-Espichan, M.L.G. Rosario-Tueros, M.V. Changano-Rodriguez, N.E. Salazar-Ramirez, V.A. Marquez-Mondalgo, Anna Lyn N. Tajanlangit, Arnefelina S. Tamayo, Cristina Mari Jean P. Llames, Ever Labro, Ana P. Dy, J.D. Fortin, L.D. Bergosa, L.G. Salvio, V. Bermudez, M.C. Sg-Buenaflor, M.F. Trajano, M.T. Mendoza, O.P. Javellana, R.R. Maglente, Y. Arreza-Galapia, J.A. Navoa-Ng, A. Kubler, B. Barteczko-Grajek, B. Dragan, M. Zurawska, M. Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz, M. Zielinska, G.Y. Ramos-Ortiz, A. Florin-Rogobete, C. Daliborca Vlad, D. Muntean, D. Sandesc, M. Papurica, M. Licker, Ovidiu Horea Bedreag, R. Popescu, S.D. Grecu, V. Dumitrascu, A. Molkov, D. Galishevskiy, M. Furman, A. Simic, D. Lekic, G. Ristic, J. Eremija, J. Kojovic, L. Nikolic, M. Bjelovic, A. Lesnakova, S. Hlinkova, M.O. Gamar-Elanbya, Namphon Supa, Pornpheth Prasan, Rungratchanee Pimathai, Suthinee Wanitanukool, Suwara Somabutr, N. Ben-Jaballah, A. Borgi, A. Bouziri, A. Dilek, A. Oncul, A. Kaya, Ali Pekcan Demiroz, A. Gunduz, A. Ozgultekin, Asuman Inan, A.N. Yalcin, A. Ramazanoglu, A. Engin, A. Willke, Basak Ceyda Meco, C. Aygun, C. Bulut, C. Uzun, C. Becerik, Cigdem Ataman Hatipoglu, Cigdem Yildirim Guclu, D. Ozdemir, D. Yildizdas, D. Ugurcan, E. Azak, E. Guclu, Esmeray Mutlu Yilmaz, F. Sebnem-Erdinc, F. Sirmatel, F. Ulger, Ferhat Sari, Filiz Kizilates, G. Usluer, G. Ceylan, G. Ersoz, G. Kaya, Gunay Tuncer Ertem, G. Senol, Hasan Agin, Hatice Cabadak, H. Yilmaz, Hulya Sungurtekin, Humeyra Zengin, H. Turgut, I. Ozgunes, I. Devrim, I. Erdem, Inşa Gul Ekiz Işcanlı, M. Mehmet Bakir, M.F. Geyik, M. Oral, M. Meric, M. Cengiz, M. Ozcelik, M. Altindis, M. Sunbul, N. Elaldi, N. Kuyucu, N. Unal, N. Oztoprak, N. Yasar, Nurettin Erben, Nuri Bayram, Oguz Dursun, Oguz Karabay, O. Coskun, Ozden Ozgur Horoz, Ozge Turhan, Ozlem Sarac Sandal, Recep Tekin, Saban Esen, Selvi Yener Erdogan, Serhat Unal, Sevim Karacorlu, Suha Sen, Suha Sen, Suzan Sacar, Volkan Yarar, Yeliz Oruc, Yusuf Sahip, Zeynep Kaya, Anamma Philip, Ashraf Elhoufi, Hussain Alrahma, E. Sachez, F. Perez, G.D. Empaire, H. Vidal, L. Montes-Bravo, M.E. Guzman Siritt, N. Orozco, N. Navarrete, Y. Ruiz, Z. Duran-Gil De Anez, Dang Thi Van Trang, Dao Quang Minh, Dao Xuan Co, Dinh Pham Phuong Anh, Le Thi Anh Thu, Le Thi Diem Tuyet, Le Thi Thu Nguyet, Ngo uy Chau, Nguyen Gia Binh, Nguyen Phuc Tien, Nguyen Quoc Anh, Phan Thi Hang, Tran Thi My Hanh, Tran Thi Thuy Hang, Truong Anh Thu, Vo Thi Hong Thoa

We report the results of International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2010-December 2015 in 703 intensive care units (ICUs) in Latin America, Europe, Eastern Mediterranean, Southeast Asia, and Western Pacific. During the 6-year study period, using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Healthcare Safety Network (CDC-NHSN) definitions for device-associated health care-associated infection (DA-HAI), we collected prospective data from 861,284 patients hospitalized in INICC hospital ICUs for an aggregate of 3,506,562 days. Although device use in INICC ICUs was similar to that reported from CDC-NHSN ICUs, DA-HAI rates were higher in the INICC ICUs: in the INICC medical-surgical ICUs, the pooled rate of central line-associated bloodstream infection, 4.1 per 1,000 central line-days, was nearly 5-fold higher than the 0.8 per 1,000 central line-days reported from comparable US ICUs, the overall rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia was also higher, 13.1 versus 0.9 per 1,000 ventilator-days, as was the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection, 5.07 versus 1.7 per 1,000 catheter-days. From blood cultures samples, frequencies of resistance of Pseudomonas isolates to amikacin (29.87% vs 10%) and to imipenem (44.3% vs 26.1%), and of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates to ceftazidime (73.2% vs 28.8%) and to imipenem (43.27% vs 12.8%) were also higher in the INICC ICUs compared with CDC-NHSN ICUs. Although DA-HAIs in INICC ICU patients continue to be higher than the rates reported in CDC-NSHN ICUs representing the developed world, we have observed a significant trend toward the reduction of DA-HAI rates in INICC ICUs as shown in each international report. It is INICC's main goal to continue facilitating education, training, and basic and cost-effective tools and resources, such as standardized forms and an online platform, to tackle this problem effectively and systematically.